ANALYSIS OF THE BRAZILIAN COMPETITIVENESS OF ROASTED AND UNROASTED COFFEE EXPORTS BETWEEN 1989 AND 2018

Resumo

Coffee is the second most consumed drink globally, second only to water consumption thanks to its flavor, aroma, and benefits to human health. The highlight of the high productivity of the coffee tree in Brazilian soils occurs due to the types of soils, average daily temperatures, rainfall, and type of management, among other aspects that are considered important for its productivity. Given this scenario, Brazil stands out as the world's largest producer and exporter of the product, cultivating both the Arabica species and the Conilon species, where roasted and unroasted coffees participate positively in the growth of the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and generate direct jobs and indirect. In this sense, this study aimed to analyze the Brazilian competitiveness of roasted and unroasted coffee exports between 1989 and 2018 through the Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (IVCR), the Growth Rate, and the Competitiveness Matrix. Due to the country's high production of the crop and the high consumption of the drink worldwide, coffee plays a fundamental role in the country's economic and social terms, generating jobs and raising taxes, being one of the most relevant products in Brazilian agribusiness. However, coffee farming faces challenges about price volatility and environmental changes, so it is necessary to adapt the sector to seek innovative solutions that guarantee the appreciation of this sector and its permanence in the world market.